The Decade of the 1960's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Decade of the 1960's - Essay Example Human rights advanced during the decade but not without an extended, sometimes bloody fight. It was a collection of revolutionary acts designed to gain the heart and mind of American society. Following WWII, black Americans, who had fought in segregated units, began to wonder out loud why they returned to an oppressive situation in a country they risked their lives to defend. Legal equality and economic opportunity was elusive for blacks, particularly in Southern States. "Jim Crow" laws segregated blacks from schools, sections of town, restaurants and restrooms while preventing them from serving on juries, voting and using various methods of transportation. The 1954 "Brown vs. Board of Education" Supreme Court decision invalidated the excuse of separate was equal thus ending public segregation but the South didnt agree and for awhile didnt budge. The plight of black Americans was put into the spotlight by the decision then the next year. Rosa Parks broke the law in Alabama by not moving to the back of a Montgomery city bus. A steady stream of public civil rights actions followed, making the 1964 Civil Rights Act inevitable. Racism, prevalent throughout the nation, was no w in full demonstrative display in full color into everyones homes. The movement was, in itself a revolution involving great sacrifice. It certainly looked like one as televisions showed the National Guard transforming schools in Little Rock, Arkansas and Oxford, MS. into battlefields so black kids could attend. Martin Luther King, Medgar Evers, Malcom X and other prominent movement leaders were assassinated, students registering blacks to vote during "Freedom Summer" murdered and protesters beaten. As opposed to a famous saying, the revolution was indeed televised. (Vox, 2014). While the nation deeply mourned President John Kennedys assassination in Dallas and the Vietnam War was ramping up, President Johnson introduced a range of programs designed to

Methodological Issues In Research Domestic Violence Psychology Essay

Methodological Issues In Research Domestic Violence Psychology Essay A critical review of the methodology used in Hoyle, C Being a nosy bloody cow: ethical and methodological issues in research domestic violence. The chapter of the article I am focusing on looks at negotiating access to research subjects and adapting methodology for a doctoral approach to work. The chapter also looks at who would be appropriate subjects for the research and the appropriate means of getting information for the research. Overall the article looks at Hoyles own experience from her thesis which was based on policing domestic violence Thames Valley (Hoyle, C. 1996) but her methods were denigrated by critics who were not sympathetic with my findings. The types of methodology used by Hoyle in her article is a mix of qualitative and quantitative†¦scrutiny of official documents†¦interviews†¦telephone calls (Hoyle, C. 2000:397). This is also called triangulation different methods to study the same phenomenon (Hoyle, C. 2000:398). Triangulation involves Uses multiple observers, theoretical perspectives, sources of data, methodologies†¦ methods of investigation (research methods book) to get more reliable results. Qualitative data involves an approach to documents that emphasis the role of the investigator†¦emphasises words rather than data (research book p716). The method involves using interviews, surveys, diaries or questionnaires to get results that are word based rather than numbers, figures or statistics. The definition of quantitative data is emphasises quantification†¦ and analysis of data (research book p717). Quantitative data focuses on numbers rather than words to get results for example, crime figures or statistics. The qualitative data that Hoyle uses are interviews, she interviews police officers and victims to in order to consider what the role of the criminal justice system is†¦in relation to domestic violence (Hoyle, C.2000:398). Hoyle occasionally interviewed the offender, the Crown Prosecution Service and the custody officer it is necessary to talk to all those involved in disputes and their resolution (Hoyle, C.2000:398). The quantitative data that is used within the text are the scrutiny of official documents, although she doesnt go into detail on what these are they are more likely to be crime figures for domestic violence. Triangulation in Hoyles article combines qualitative and quantitative data to get a more accurate result; however there are strengths and weaknesses for both methods. Qualitative data could be using a survey, questionnaire or interview to gather opinions from a group or individual but these can prove time consuming and expensive for example, you might have to travel in order to conduct the interviews. Another weakness of qualitative data is that it is opinion and not fact, Hoyle interviews police officers, victims and offenders to get their opinion on the dispute that she attends but the victim may be influenced so the interviewer has no way of knowing whether it is the complete truth, this also means the results may be unreliable as the answer may be false. Hoyle also interviewed police officers who responded to the incidents to ensure that accurate information was given in accordance to the victims wishes. Each set of data collected in an interview provides different perspectives o f the incident that generates further accounts in relation to the data that has already been gathered (Fandf 1986 find ref later in hoyles article). In using validity steps may be taken to ensure a method is reliable and/ or valid as such as testing for internal reliability (research methods book p173). In Hoyles research triangulation data does not provide a straightforward check on a reliability and validity†¦ discrete data set provides a unique perspective and therefore can be considered in isolation from others, two (or more) sets of data on the same situation permits one to explore the relationship of accounts to what people are actually observes to be doing, thereby generating a further account in relation to data already gathered (f and f from hoyles article). Hoyles uses interviews to get the opinion of the victim; however we cannot validate opinion as it may not be entirely true. It is possible to validate official documents for example, crime figures but in Hoyles article she does not reveal what they are then there is no way we can validate them without knowing specifically what they are. Hoyle chose to use qualitative and quantitative data so that there is more than one method to make the results more reliable, if one method looks at the opinion of the individuals involved then the official documents can back up the information found out from the interviews. She also chose these methods as it is good for repeatability; since Hoyle used the same methods over and over to conduct the interview then it is probable that at the end she would have similar results. Hoyle also considered these methods as it is a rigorous and thorough methodological approach for doctoral work (Hoyle, C. 2000:395). There are some differences that make using qualitative and quantitative data good or bad, the research done with qualitative data shows the point of view from the participants instead of quantitative data which is shown from the researchers point of view. I think it is better to show research from the participants view as it gives the reader a clearer insight into their world or perspectives for example, Karen Sharpe partly uses qualitative data to interview prostitutes on the street. The research shows the prostitutes and Sharpes perspective whilst on the streets †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..quote this gives us a feel for how they feel working on the streets and the trust involved to approach Sharpe and answer the questions (reference to the Sharpe article). A strength of using quantitative data is that it is more structured than qualitative data, qualitative is usually unstructured or semi- structured as qualitative data is meant to give the researcher a view of the world from the participants eyes. (Research book p498). Quantitative data is more concerned with a group or individuals behaviour such as finding out why people work as prostitutes and what abused they endure on the streets, where as qualitative data is focused on the meaning of the actions. Several writers have written contrasts about qualitative and quantitative data, such as Halfpenny 1979 (research book p407). The similarities of qualitative and quantitative data are both set out to answer research questions although both sets of data are different but the overall goal is focused on answering questions about the nature of social reality (research book p409). Hardy and Bryman (2004) have pointed out that†¦ there†¦ are differences between qualitative and quantitative research†¦ should be recognised that there are similarities too (research book p409).Both qualitative and quantitative data are focused on variation, researchers seek to uncover and then represent the variation that they uncover (research book p409). This means researchers explore how people are different and their connection to variation. Another similarity is that the research method used has to have appropriate questions to ask the subject, researchers have to ensure that they specify que stions and select methods and data analysis that are appropriate with the questions (research book p410). Both of qualitative and quantitative data focuses on data reduction as researchers tend to collect a lot of data. If a researcher reduces the amount of data then it is easier to make sense of it all. In quantitative data researchers reduce data by statistical analysis. In qualitative data researchers develop concepts out of†¦ rich data (research book p409). The ethical issues that come from using qualitative methodology such as interviews are that Hoyle had to be taken to the victims house by the police officer on duty as she had to think about her personal safety, the officer was not required to participate in the interview except when the offender remained in the house after the dispute. However using the police officer to secure access looks like the victim had no choice but to be interviewed by Hoyle, before conducting the interview Hoyle had to make sure that the victim knew they had to rights whether to be interviewed or not. Consent had to be given for the interviews and Hoyle had to tell them information such as who she was, what the research was about, how it was funded and how the data would eventually be used. She also had to make sure they remained anonymous to protect the privacy of the people involved, this was important as to not cause more stress to the individuals and persuade them to open up to her since they couldnt b e identified. Another issue was that with the offender still in the house the victim could be dissuade from being entirely truthful with Hoyle so separate interview schedules were set up and the offender was taken to the police station for the interview. A major ethical issue was the fact that Hoyle was deceitful to the perpetrator of the dispute; she asked the offender to leave her alone with the victim and told them that their partner would be asked the same questions as them about public perception of police handling disputes. Some of the questions that Hoyle asked were the same as the offenders but some were not. Consented to interviews with officers without fully understanding the reasons behind the interviews (Hoyle, C.2000:401) Hoyle basically lied to the offender to gain the information she needed, if she hadnt then there is a chance that the victim would have been dishonest. Other issues that are involved with this type of research are access, Hoyle would of have to of gone through the police first and would of needed police escort to the dispute. Also to get to the victims she would have needed access from the police and from the offender as Hoyle had to ask the offender for permission to ask the victim questions. Another issue would have been trust, to talk to the victims Hoyle of needed a certain amount of trust before she could get them to answer the questions although they had the choice of backing out and not taking part if they wished. She would also need to get the trust of the offender so that they would let the victim alone with her. Overall I think that using both quantitative and qualitative data together is better as it produces more reliable information and results. Using qualitative data means that we get to see the research from the point of view from the individual or group to give us a clearer view of their life, however it is time consuming as you would have to earn their trust enough that you can ask questions and conduct the research. Qualitative data is also useful as it shows the participant in their natural settings most qualitative researchers reveal a preference for seeing through the eyes of the participant (research book p412) so they dont change their behaviour too much and so that they are comfortable in their environment. Quantitative data is distanced from the research subject, so we dont get a feel for the research as with qualitative data as the researcher is in close proximity to the subject. An advantage of using quantitative data is that it can be proven as it is fact where qualitative data is opinion, as having research that van be verified is useful.

Audubon and Dillard :: essays research papers

Audubon and Dillard   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A small child views a painting, giggling to his mother how it looks like an elephant soaring throughout the galaxy. An hour later a middle age man views the exact painting only to acknowledge the abstract painting as a collage of miscellaneous shapes and colors. This view is much like the comparison between John James Auburn and Annie Dillard passages, revealing opposite and similar aspects on the subject of birds.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Auburn’s passage inhabits a sense of seriousness and monotone. Incorporating direct details such as his departure from his house on the â€Å"banks of the Ohio† and observing pigeons fly â€Å"north-east to southwest† reveals his scientific train of thinking. By him pinpointing each step of his experience of watching birds, it displays how his mind functions and distinguishes situations. Show casing his down to earth tone, Auburn delivers a step-to-step encounter with the birds flying high above him. Auburn describes the flock of birds â€Å"like a torrent† that made a sound â€Å"like a noise of thunder† that came by with such a â€Å"compact mass†. Auburn’s passage consists mainly of scientific observations but the word incorporations towards the end of the passage are significant components which assist in portraying a poetic and metaphoric language. By Auburn incorporating this poetic feel, it displays his exhil aration and pure amazement of theses specimen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Annie Dillard portrays her thoughts differently in her passage, incorporating a poetic sense that is carried through out the entire passage. Dillard describes the birds she is viewing as â€Å"transparent† and that they seem to be â€Å"whirling like smoke†. Already one could identify that Dillard’s passage has more of poetic feel over a scientific feel. This poetic feeling carries through the entire passage, displaying Dillard’s total awe of these birds. She also incorporates word choices such as â€Å"unravel† and that he birds seem to be â€Å"lengthening in curves† like a â€Å"loosened skein†. Dillard’s word choice implies that he is incorporating a theme of sewing. As she describes these birds she seems to be in awe and by using a comparison of sewing she is reaching deeper inside herself to create her emotions at the time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the light of the day certain objects seem different, we don’t take notice of the simple things and rush to accomplish are every day tasks.

National Airspace System

MGMT 203 Management for Aeronautical Science Manager’s Perspective Paper – The National Airspace System (NAS) March 16, 2013 Prepared for Dr. Daniel Nation Lecturer Prepared by Ong Wei Jian Lionel Introduction In this report, we will be looking at the National Airspace System (NAS). We will be taking an in depth look at the overview and the infrastructure of the NAS, discuss about the FAA Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), and also examine the future needs of the National Airspace System.Overview of the NAS The National Airspace System is defined as a complex combination of systems, procedures, facilities, aircraft, and personnel which work together as one system to ensure safe and efficient air travel in the United States. The NAS consists of several components, and these include: †¢ NAS Operational Facilities (unstaffed) †¢ Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC) †¢ Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCT) †¢ Ground Radios and Radar Sy stems †¢ Airports †¢ Aircrafts (commercial, private, and military) Airline Personnel (operating, maintaining, and modernizing the system) †¢ Passengers (commercial and military) Infrastructure of the NAS The NAS helps to maintain a safe and efficient flight over the US airspace by allowing all control towers, control centers, radios, radars, and many airports to be interconnected to one another to form a NAS operational communications network. This NAS communications network helps pilots to communicate with air traffic controllers and airline operation centers to ensure a safe flight as they travel over the airspace.There are a three systems that make up the NAS, and these include the Digital Airport Surveillance Radar (DASR) System, the Voice Communication Switching System (VCSS), and the Department of Defense (DoD) Advanced Automation System, or DAAS for short. The DASR System is a traffic air control radar system that helps to detect aircraft position and weather c onditions in the vicinity of civilian and military airfields. It consists of two main electronic subsystems: the primary surveillance radar and the secondary surveillance radar, which make use of electromagnetic waves reflected off aircraft to monitor their positions.The VCSS is the communications system used to manage the voice communications of any Air Traffic Control (ATC) facility. The VCSS must be able to support all analog and digital communications between the DoD, the ATC facilities, and the pilots. The DAAS is a system that is used to retrieve and process radar data, flight plans, and weather / airport environmental data to support DoD ATC services. The system transmits part or all of this processed data to a display or workstation (within geographical proximity) for air traffic controllers to access in order for them to control and monitor the activities in the airspace.FAA NextGen Air Transportation System The NextGen program is an initiative developed by the Federal Avia tion Administration (FAA) to help improve the efficiency, convenience and dependability of the NAS. The NextGen modernization of the U. S. air traffic system seeks to increase the efficiency of the NAS through technological advancements; and as well as improved approaches and procedures. The NextGen program plans to make use of satellite navigation, which will allow pilots to know the precise locations of other airplanes around them and enhance the overall safety of air travel.Airports are now already benefitting from the NextGen program. These new capabilities include the national rollout of a network of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) ground transceivers. These transceivers will receive GPS position reports from aircraft equipped with ADS-B Out (an upgrade required by 2020 for aircraft flying in most controlled airspace); and by 2013, these transceivers will be installed to provide nationwide coverage. Air traffic data such as Traffic Information Service-Broadca st (TIS-B) and Flight Information Service-Broadcast (FIS-B) will be transmitted by the ADS-B transceivers.The FAA also tested a newly automated Collaborative Departure Queue Management (CDQM) system that aims to help airports improve departure management. The FAA is also putting in place tools that will enable airport operators, airlines, and other NAS users better access to shared surface surveillance data, which is vital for safe and efficient airport operations. The Future Needs of the NAS The current features of the NAS unfortunately, are not sufficient to guarantee efficient or uninterrupted operation in the future.The greater interconnectivity of systems brought about by the NextGen program means that the cyber risks to the NAS are also increased. The future cyber security needs of the NAS require a change in both the NAS infrastructure and safety culture in order to be effective against increased the potential cyber risks that will follow. Improved cyber security requires cha nges to the present NAS safety provisions. More safety reviews for continual monitoring is needed. Actions and responsibilities of each and every NAS staff now have to be carefully scrutinized and taken into consideration.Responsibilities of system administrators and network operators have to be expanded, from maintaining the performance of the system to detecting intrusive actions. Improved cyber security also requires changes to the current NAS infrastructure. Data provided by external partners and actions requested by external partners have to be made sure that they are not malicious in intent. The existing cyber security architecture also has to be modified and upgraded accordingly to counteract the changing cyber threats, all in a short timeframe; whilst not compromising on the operations of the NAS during these infrastructure changes and modifications.References †¢ NextGen for Airports. Retrieved March 15, 2013 from the Federal Aviation Administration website: http://www. faa. gov/nextgen/qanda/airports/ †¢ What is NextGen? Retrieved March 15, 2013 from the Federal Aviation Administration website: http://www. faa. gov/nextgen/slides/? slide=1 †¢ Houston, Sarina (n. d. ). The National Airspace System Explained. Retrieved March 15, 2013 from website: http://aviation. about. com/od/Air-Traffic-Control/a/The-National-Airspace-System-Explained. htm Wadas, Burt (n. d. ). National Airspace System (NAS) Overview. Retrieved March 16, 2013 from Armed Forces Communication and Electronics Association (AFCEA) website: http://www. afceaboston. com/documents/events/cnsatm2011/Briefs/01-Monday/07-Wadas-HBAG%20NationalAirspaceSystemOverview. pdf †¢ Williams, James H. (February 2011). National Airspace System Security Cyber Architecture. Retrieved March 16, 2013 from The Mitre Corporation website: http://www. mitre. org/work/tech_papers/2011/10_4169/10_4169. pdf

Food and Culture Essay

That is, both mother and child are being watched, judged, and constructed by society since making a good obento may please her child and also affirm that she is a good mother, and child consuming their entire meal in a appropriate manner is considered well-taught. This social phenomenon represents that culture is constructed with power which exerts a force which operates in ways that are subtle, disguised, and accepted as everyday social practice. Another essay Carole Counihan’s â€Å"Mexicanas’ Food Voice and Differential Consciousness in the San Luis Valley of Colorado† uses the case of Ryubal to suggest how women can display differential consciousness through their practices and beliefs surrounding food. In society where traditional division of labor in cooking is still prevalent, a Mexican women Helen Ryubal challenged the traditional views of women and cooking by rejecting cooking, making husbands respect women who cooked, and involving husband in cooking. Her strategy not only minimized the subordinating dimensions of reproductive labor but also valued and benefited from the help of her mother, sister, and husband. Her attempt has been based on her ideologies which was developed from differential consciousness which is â€Å"a key strategy used by dominated peoples to survive demeaning and disempowering structures and ideologies† (175). Both essays are focusing on the relationship between food and gender through each case. Allison considered obentos as a container of cultural meanings, and social expectations from women and their performance and effort in obentos. Counihan’s ethnographic research of Ryubal also provided evolved relationship between women and food which could be possible due to her differential consciousness. Two authors both used a certain level of methodology to associate with their claim such as Ideological State Apparatus and differential consciousness. This utilization strongly supports their claim and strengthens the relationship between gender and food in culture. Moreover, both authors imply the relationship food is not a mere subject but rather deeply involved with society and its ideology. As the readings focus on the relationship between gender and food, it is evident that this relationship is deeply rooted in cultural representation. To be more specific, culture constructs what is considered as normal, custom, reasonable, acceptable under ideology. The hegemonic view from this culture forms women’s custodial relationship with food. As an asian woman, I also have countless experience relating to food. Similar to most of asian culture, the society’s expectation from woman is still traditional- cooking is women’s role and they are suppose to serve their men and rest of the family. Like Ryubal’s challenge, the counter-hegemonic view toward woman’s relationship to food and reasonable, modern alternatives are necessary.

All the presidents men essays

All the presidents men essays All the Presidents Men, by Carl Bernstein, is the actual story of how Bernstein and his colleague Bob Woodward broke the dramatic story that brought the downfall of President Richard Nixon. The Watergate scandal is one of the most devastating political detective stories of the century. The story begins with a burglary at the Democratic National Committee headquarters on June 17, 1972. Two men, Woodward and the author Bernstein, are assigned to cover the story. Both of the men work for the Washington Post, Woodward in the Washington DC staff and Bernstein a political reporter in Virginia. After a few days of reporting, the men realize that this is no ordinary burglary. The two young reporters pick up on a trail of money, secrecy and high-level pressure that lead to the Oval Office and implicate the men closest to the president and eventually President Nixon himself. Over the months, Woodward meets secretly with Deep Throat, the anonymous source who leads the reporters to expose the truth. The journalists are able to put the scandalous pieces of the puzzle together and produce the series of stories that earn the Washington Post a Pulitzer Prize. Watergate is the biggest political scandal in The United States history. It included various activities to help President Richard Nixon win re- election in 1972. Watergate also resulted in Nixons resignation from presidency in 1974. June 17, 1972 a security guard notified the police that a door lock was taped at the Washingtons Watergate. Three officers responded to the call and found five burglars in suits with rubber gloves on, hundred dollar bills in sequence in their pockets and with electronically devices, in Larry OBriens office. Three specific areas in which acceptable limits should be looked at are the 25,000-dollar check to Kenneth H. Dahlberg, the attempts to get Donald Segretti to go on the record and the naming of Haldeman ...

20 Criminology Research Paper Topics on Criminal Behavior

20 Criminology Research Paper Topics on Criminal Behavior If you are tasked with writing a research paper on the field of criminal behavior, there are many areas of study and theories for behavior which you can use as a topic. However, picking criminology research paper topics is still somewhat tricky given the massive amount of data out there. That being said, below is a list of 20 criminology research paper topics which you might find useful when writing your next paper: Why the Examination of Criminal Behavior Helps to Handle and Prevent Crimes How Criminologists can Reduce Types of Crime with Criminal Behavior How Criminologists can Reduce High Levels of Crime Studying Criminal Behavior The Validity of the Rational Choice Theory Why Rational Choice Theory is Invalid The Relationship between Social Disorganization Theory and Social Learning Theory How Prison Encourages Social Learning Theory The Validity of Social Disorganization Theory Why Social Disorganization Theory is Invalid The Relationship between Social Control Theory and Social Disorganization Theory How Social Control Theory is Influenced by Social Disorganization Theory The Validity of Self-Control Theory of Crime Why Strain Theory is Invalid The Validity of Social Learning Theory Why Social Learning Theory is Invalid The Scientific Validity of Labeling Theory The Influence of Evolutionary Rewards on Violent Crime How Mental Illness Encourages Criminal Behavior Harmful Brain Chemistry: How the Brain can Increase Crime The Biology of Criminal Behavior: Whether or Not it is All in the Genes Aren’t those interesting criminology research paper topics? Well that’s not all because this great piece of material is also accompanied by the criminology research paper facts and also a guide on this very topic and paper genre. Below you will find an example essay written on one of the topics from that list. Sample Research Paper: The Validity of Self-Control Theory of Crime The self-control theory of crime is a criminological theory which focuses on individual self-control as a factor behind the commitment of crimes. This theory suggests that people who weren’t parented for before they reach the age of 8 have less self-control compared to those who were parented well at the same age. However, there are correlations between levels of self-control and the impulse for criminal conduct. Originally this theory was developed by two criminologists but today has been subject to theoretical debate and other empirical literature which has expounded upon the ideas purported in this theory and claimed it to be limited in terms of understanding criminal behavior. Originally the theory of self-control was an idea stemming from bonding theory. This theory of self-control was based upon the observation of the behavior and age. By 1990 this theory had gained popularity because of its empirical observations.   The two theorists behind this idea recorded that self-control was an important factor behind people who commit crimes. Individual’s self-control is something which improves with age but can be influenced by socialization, the loss of control one might say, and changing biology as a result of hormonal development. Additionally, criminal acts might be short-sighted or opportunistic. This theory shares similar attributes to the theory of ego depletion. One which focuses on the idea that people are more highly motivated to satisfy their immediate desires and pleasures around. This theory can be traced to aspects of self-control from a psychological perspective.   It was Freud who established the idea of self-control through the reality principle and the pleasure principle. These two principles referred to the each person’s desires for immediate gratification and the ability of each person to delay that gratification. Individuals have to learn the necessity of delaying gratification, something which they are taught by their parents as they grow up. Part of the reason they must delay gratification was because of the obstacles they face in real life. Somebody wants to immediately have cash or a random purchase have to delay the gratification of that purchase based upon whether or not they have cash in their bank account. They cannot impulsively make a purchase if they dont have the money now or can acquire the money through illegal means. This is something which is taught by parents and based upon the self-control theory, taught by the age of 8.   Those individuals who are not effectively parented and are not taught that they must delay gratification based on the reality of their situation, are significantly more prone to committing certain crimes in order to obtain that gratification. Following these basic principles the idea of self-control refers to the ability of each person to delay immediate gratification in order to reach bigger goals. This can be compared to the idea of a child who wants money for candy but rather than stealing that money and enjoying immediate gratification from the candy, they delay that gratification so that they can stay out of jail and achieve all of their goals they have in mind which might later on lead to a lot of candy. This theory presents a loss of control and characteristic for criminal behavior something which can be acute or chronic.   Acute low self-control means that it is not typical of the individual and it is something which happens only once. This might happen when a child is incredibly hungry and chooses to steal a piece of candy due to the hunger, something which they would not normally do. But chronic low self-control is when an individual participates in such activities regularly, something which becomes a central component to their life. In addition to this, a some supporting theory states that self-control reduces in large groups and in large communities more so than in the individual. This is something colloquially referred to as peer pressure, in which an individual who might normally not exhibit low self-control is influenced by the loss of control of the individuals around them which leads to participation in group criminal activities. While this theory does have a strong foundation in psychology it is clearly not comprehensive enough to thoroughly understand and mitigate the high risk of criminal behavior.   It has been argued that the major weakness to this is the fact that self-control was not defined separately from the tendency to conduct crime. By not doing this individually, the authors suggest that low self-control and a propensity to engage in criminal activities are one and the same. References: Culliney, T.W. Notes On Predatory Behavi Our In Rhinacloa Forticornis (Hemiptera: Miridae ).  Curr. Agri. Res. Jour  2.1 (2014): 01-04. Web. Hagan, Frank E.  Introduction To Criminology. Print. Kudlac, Christopher S.  Fair Or Foul. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger/ABC-CLIO, 2010. Print. Lee, Jason W and Jeffrey C Lee.  Sport And Criminal Behavior. Durham, N.C.: Carolina Academic Press, 2009. Print. Walsh, A and Jonathan Bolen.  The Neurobiology Of Criminal Behavior. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2012. Print. Wasserman, David T and Robert Samuel Wachbroit.  Genetics And Criminal Behavior. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Print. Yaffe, Gideon. In Defense Of Criminal Possession.  Criminal Law and Philosophy  (2014): n. pag. Web.

The 8 Best Scholarship Websites and Search Tools

The 8 Best Scholarship Websites and Search Tools SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Searching for relevant scholarships is perhaps the most frustrating part of the scholarship application process. There are so many awards out there, but it’s hard to know which ones are worth applying to without carefully sifting through an overwhelming amount of information. To make your search just a little bit easier, we’ve compiled some of thebest scholarship websites(and offlinesearch tools!) you can use to find scholarships. Of course, some are better than others - I’ll also go into the strengths and weaknesses of each scholarship search method. At the end of the post, you’ll find tips for getting the most out of these scholarship search tools. They’re only helpful if you know how to use them effectively and efficiently - these strategies will help you navigate the (sometimes confusing) world of scholarship search tools. 7 Helpful Online Scholarship Search Tools Online tools are awesome because you canaccess huge databases of awardsfrom the comfort of your laptop. There’s no question that there’s almost an overwhelming number of scholarshipslisted on each of these online tools - the question is whether or not you can find scholarships that actually apply to you. Some of these search tools are verypolished, whereas others look kind of scrappy. Some keep your information private, whereas others subject you to a LOT of college spam. Ultimately, though, they all provide access to info about thousands of scholarships. Your own priorities will dictate which search tools you’ll prefer. To help you figure that out, I’ve listed the strengths and weaknesses of eachof these tools after trying them out myself. I think it's difficult to come up with a strong scholarship application strategy without a general idea ofboth what awards are available and what these awards look for in student applicants. I'd encourage you to spend a few hours just exploring these databases - just to check on what's out there - before doing a more focused search (perhaps with the assistance of a guidance or college counselor). Here’s the good stuff - the most popularscholarship search tools: College Board's Scholarship Search This site is perhaps the most well-known scholarship search tool available. It searches for awards based on so many criteria that you may find scholarships in some unexpected places. You can enter in as much or as little identifying or demographic information as you’d like. The scholarship search tool then lists any scholarship award you may qualify for based on the info you’ve entered. If you already have a specific award in mind, you can use the search function to search for it in the College Board scholarship database. Obviously, the more information you enter, the more relevant and helpful the search results will be. Some of the information you can enter includes minority status, disability status, religious affiliation, and veteran status. Pros You don’t have to sign up for anything, or provide any personal identifying information, in order to use the scholarship search. The scholarship search results include basic information on eligibility requirements, award numbers/amounts, and application deadlines. You can also select whether you’d like to search for awards based on financial need, academic achievement, or both, which is an awesome function. Cons Lists sweepstake scholarships where you have to sign up for different sites (and subject yourself to spam) in order to apply. It’s the responsibility of the scholarship organization to update policies, awards, or requirements - many things may not be up to date, although the site itself updates regularly. You can’t enter in academic information (like GPA or ACT/SAT scores) to filter out awards where you may not meet these criteria. You’ll have to sift through individualawards, all with varying eligibility requirements, to see which ones may be a good fit. The College Board is best known as the creator of the SAT, but its scholarship search is one of the best options out there. Scholarships.com Scholarships.com claims to be the largest free scholarship search resource available, with over 2.7 million scholarships listed in their database. You have to make an account, but Scholarships.com promises to keep your information private. The site lets you save, â€Å"favorite,† or remove scholarship matches associated with your account. Pros The site claims to update daily, although just like with College Board, responsibility lies with the actual scholarship organization to provide new info. It’s easy to see how many awards are given (and how much the awards are worth) witheach scholarship listing. The save/favorite/remove functions make it easy to pare down awards you’re interested in. Their privacy policy easily allows you to opt-out of having your personal information shared. Cons There are scholarship â€Å"ads† at the top of your match results from sweepstake-esque scholarship programs. These awards aren’t exactly illegitimate, but they’re created to get you to sign up for various sites or services. You can’t search by keyword or by scholarship type. Fastweb You can enter academic info (GPA, intended major) and other helpful identifying info (ethnicity, citizenship status, military status) to get scholarship matches when you make a profile with Fastweb. You can also enter in other relevant activities - like sports, student activities, SAT/ACT score, educational background, and career goals - to possibly get a more tailored list of awards with Fastweb.Again, the more specific you can be with personal information, the more relevant the scholarship matches will be. Pros The scholarship search results include basic information on eligibility requirements, award numbers/amounts, and application deadlines. Scholarship matches are listed in order of application deadline, so you don’t have to worry about checking out awards where the deadline’s already passed. Scholarships are rigorously vetted (according to Fastweb), so you won’t have to worry about submitting personal information to a sketchy organization and falling prey to a scholarship scam. Cons You have to sign up with your email address, birthday, phone number, and address, which opens you up to spam. Just like with the College Board, you may have to sift through awards that you find undesirable. Some of them are sweepstakes awards, whereas others are scholarship programs with clear ulterior motives and/or political agendas. It’s the responsibility of the scholarship organization to update policies, awards, or requirements - many things may not be up to date. ScholarshipMonkey.com This scholarship tool claims to offer over 1 million scholarships, from over 4,000 sources, worth more than $3 billion. It’s unclear how often they update their database, however, so it’s impossible to know whether the listings are valid without checking them out yourself. You can search for scholarships in three ways: Setting up a profile and seeing scholarship matches Searching by keyword (e.g. an academic or extracurricular interest) Checking out lists of scholarships (e.g. scholarships for women, nursing scholarships, scholarships by major) Pros You don’t need to sign up for anything or make an account to use the keyword search or the â€Å"list† search function. In theory, the profile-matched scholarships shouldpresent better scholarship options than just randomly searching for awards. Cons The keyword search function isn’t particularly helpful. It doesn’t sort by relevance, so it's easy to miss important awards. The scholarship preview descriptions don’t tell you how much money is at stake. In order to find out what you could win, you have to click through to read more. A lot of the links to scholarships are outdated. I got a lot of â€Å"internal server errors† or â€Å"application errors† when trying to read more about various awards. To work around this problem, you could always Google the award name to learn more. If you make a profile to get scholarship matches, your information won’t remain private unless you opt out from their standard policies upon sign-up. Cappex With Cappex, you receive scholarship matches by completing an online profile. They don’t ask you about as many personal characteristics as the College Board, but you can enter basic academic info (like your weighted and unweighted GPA). It’s unclear whether this info helps match you to scholarships or whether it’s just provided to colleges who may be interested in you. You’re asked a lot of questions about your college preferences, presumably to match you with scholarships available at different schools. In reality, I imagine a lot of this information is actually provided to the colleges themselves (along with your GPA). Cappex has a special â€Å"Be Recruited† program which may help varsity athletes connect with schools to earn scholarships for sports. Pros Cappex seems to be fairly selective with the scholarships listed. It's easy to sort the scholarships into â€Å"will apply/might apply/will not apply† categories for future reference. It's easy to tell how much anaward is worth, what you have to do to apply, etc., without having to jump through too many hoops. Cons This site seems to serve more as a college search tool than a scholarship search tool. You’re forced to provide information about your home address, which is presumably given out to third parties (you might get a lot of brochures in the mail from interested schools). â€Å"Featured† scholarships (i.e. ads) are listed at the top of your matches. Your Regular Old Search Engine Using a search engine like Google gives you a lot more freedom and flexibility when you’re searching for scholarships. Google is also much better at presenting relevant, legitimate results if you have specific keywords in mind. You might find individual awards or lists of relevant scholarships that others have already put together. An obvious (put important) search tool for scholarship awards Pros You’ll be directed right to scholarship organizations’ pages. You’ll likely come across compilations of scholarship programs like the ones we do here at PrepScholar. It’s easier to search for scholarships based on niche interests, skills, or passions. It’s also an important tool if you plan on looking into local scholarships (which you should definitely do - they tend to be less competitive than national awards). Cons There’s a lot more irrelevant information to sift through if you’re not specific enough with your keywords. You should be wary of ads, sweepstakes, or any scholarship program where you have to enter sensitive information (e.g. your social security number) or credit card payment. You’ll have to keep careful notes on which scholarships you’re interested in. PrepScholar Our blog has tons of free content on available scholarships, whether you're looking for information onpopular individual awards or broader guides to scholarship applications in general. Here are some of our most popular posts to get you started: Top scholarships for freshmen and sophomores Top scholarships for high school juniors Top scholarships for high school seniors Top minority scholarships Top engineering scholarships How to win a full ride scholarship Colleges with full ride scholarships How to win a local scholarship How to win a Gates Millennium scholarship How to win a Coca-Cola scholarship How to win a Florida Bright Futures scholarship How to win a McDonald's scholarship Bonus Offline Scholarship Search Tool: Your Guidance and/or College Counselor Shockingly, there are places you can go besides the internet to get information about scholarship programs.If you’re serious about your scholarship research, you should definitely schedule a meeting with your guidance or college counselor. They likely have insider info on scholarship programs that may be a good fit for you, especially when it comes to local awards. If you have unique skills or needs (e.g. you’re hoping to be recruited for a college sport), your counselor may also be able to help guide you through the process - this mentorship definitely isn’t something you can get from an online scholarship search tool. The VeryBest Scholarships Websites As you can see, you have a lot of options when it comes to the tools available to search for scholarships. The question of which one youshould usewill, like most things, come down to personal preference. I’d encourage you to at least briefly check out all of the above search toolsto see which ones might appeal to you. If you only have the time or the patience to check out one or two scholarship tools, though, I would recommend The College Board and Scholarships.com. I like College Board for a few reasons - first, it looks the nicest. I know this isn’t super important, but I really appreciate an easy-to-use and aesthetically appealing site. Perhaps more importantly, I also like that they’re the most thorough in their scholarship match questionnaire, ensuring that no rock will go unturned when it comes to finding appropriate awards. Finally,it’s a big plus in my book that you don’t have to make an account and provide identifying information in order to use the service. I’d recommend Scholarships.com because it’s perhaps the largest scholarship search engine out there. It tends to do better than other engines (especially Fastweb) when it comes to matching students with appropriate awards. I also appreciate that you can opt out of having personal info shared with third parties. None of these search options may be perfect, but some are better than others. Tips for Using Online Scholarship Search Tools You may have noticed that a lot of the cons listed above areshared among many scholarship search tools. If you want to avoid the most common drawbacks that come with using popular search tools, follow these tips and strategies. If You Don't Want to Be Spammed With Emails or Snail Mail: Avoid search tools that require you to provide an email address or physical address unless it’s clear that they don’t provide that information to third parties. Make an email address that’s dedicated only to these scholarship search engine profiles.Instead of getting overwhelmed with spam in your personal account, you'll just get emails in this throwaway account. Opt out of having these search engines pass on your info to third parties whenever possible. If You Want to Find Best-Fit Scholarships: Use more than one scholarship search strategy. Some databases may be better equipped to list relevant scholarships for you based on your interests and background. Don’t just look at just big, impressive awards - they may be particularly tempting, but it’s a waste of time and energy to apply to them unless you’re an exceptionally good fit (competition for those scholarships is usually crazy). Look for local scholarships. You may have more luck finding awards that are geared towards students in your area. If You're Feeling Overwhelmed by the Number of Available Awards: Don’t let your scholarship search creep into time you spend on schoolwork and important extracurriculars. Your grades, in particular, should be your #1 priority - higher grades will help you win merit scholarships (that you don’t even have to apply for!) to certain schools. Plan on applying to 8-10 scholarship programs, and be strategic about it. Approach it like you would your college apps - a few â€Å"reach,† a few â€Å"safety,† and a few â€Å"target† awards. Keep your own notes (try an excel or Googlespreadsheet) with informationon the scholarships you’re interested in and the criteria you care about - e.g. deadlines, application components, award amounts, and eligibility criteria. It’s important to have all this info consolidated, especially if you’re using multiple search tools. What's Next? Now that you know how tofind scholarships, your next step should be figuring out how towin scholarships. We have a lot of information to get you started. Start broad with our guides on how to win a full ride scholarship or how to win a community service scholarship. Looking at some bigger, competitive national awards? Read about how to win the Gates scholarship, the Coca-Cola scholarship, the Walmart scholarship, and the McDonald's scholarship. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Organizational Behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Behavior - Assignment Example An informal research activity could be done using a formal scientific approach by following a controlled and objective approach where the researcher has to follow prescribed rules which are regularly reviewed for errors (Arch & Elizabeth, 2009). The aspect of organizational behavior that I would study is motivation. This involves inspiring and stimulating the employees to accomplish the desired goals of the organization. The reason I would study is that the motivation of employees is important in ensuring the success of the organization. In addition, behaviorism psychology is concerned with an observable behavior as opposed to other internal events that include thinking. Due to this, the observable behavior is easily measured scientifically. Each behavior is as a result of a stimulus and it is learned from an environment of an individual (John, Robert, & Michael, 2014). Organizational psychology is concerned with the study of the human behaviors especially in the workplaces and applies both psychological theories and the organizational principles. This psychology enhances the success of an organization by heightening the level of organizational performance. This behavior is learned and is easily measured. The difference bet ween organization and behaviorist psychology is that organizational psychology applies only in an organization (Nigel, David, Nikala, & Douglas, 2006). In Texas, the people still enjoy a good taste of barbeque and it is evident from a wide variety of stalls displaying different varieties of barbeque. In this aspect, there is one famous world-famous barbeque called Drexler’s which is located in Houston’s third ward area. The business has been a family business for the longest time one can remember. The history of the restaurant began in the late 1940s when the uncle to the current owners operated as the Burney’s BBQ (John, Robert, & Michael, 2014).

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Essay Example The person behind this is Ingvar Kamprad, a dyslexic, who established IKEA in Almhult, Sweden at the age of 17. The ownership is under a Dutch-registered foundation which is run by the family of Ingvar Kamprad. The owner and franchiser is Inter IKEA Systems B.V. which also holds the IKEA trademark and the IKEA concept. The mother company of IKEA Group of Companies is INGKA Holding B. V., who is also the owner of Swedwood Industrial group, and is owned solely by Stichting INGKA Foundation which is registered in Netherlands. The said IKEA concept is based on different functional home and furnishing products that are sold in cheap price – enough to make it affordable to many people because the concept aims to cater to the needs of people to have a good life by having a nice and comfortable house. The IKEA concept is still maintained up to now and can be seen through the transaction of every business. IKEA has also the idea of getting out of the status quo of producing high quality materials with a high-end price and producing low quality product at low price. For them, it is better to produce high quality products that are affordable. This is possible according to IKEA through having devises that are cost-efficient and innovative at the same time. With this thinking, IKEA is successful in creating good products with nice designs at affordable price. The IKEA brand has complex ownership because it is owned by so many companies and foundations. Then those companies which are considered retailers pay 3% royalty of the total sales to the original owners, which is the Kamprad family. The distribution of products is made through different outlets around the world. There are 251 stores which can be found in 34 countries dominantly in Europe, United States, Canada, Asia, Middle East, and Australia. The countries which have the first IKEA store are Sweden (1958), Norway (1963), Denmark (1969), Switzerland (1973), Germany (1974),

Søren Kierkegaard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

SÃ ¸ren Kierkegaard - Essay Example He notably only traveled abroad five times, four times to Berlin and once to Sweden. Despite this fact, he still managed to take from his studies and many experiences to form a universal model for understanding the different stages and aspect of living. His many works garnered him acclaim among fellow scholars and mathematicians of his era, and like many of the greatest philosophers his works have been heralded as timeless. One of Kierkegaard's most notable works is his theory of the spheres of existence. For the philosopher, existence meant to become progressively more individualistic (Kierkegaard, 175). Keirkegaard believed this individualistic existence caused everyone to travel along a path toward self-realization and this process, he noted, had three stages. These stages being, Ethical, Religious and Aesthetic, as "All human beings are currently at one of this stages, depending on the extent to which they have achieved their life-project (Kierkegaard, 175)." By more individualistic, Kiekegaard means that through each stage individual gain a higher understanding of self than they had before and it is through the privileged perspective provided by the assessment of and graduation from the previous stage that allows the person to attain this new form of self. Kiekegaard goes on to further note that, "Each stage is a way of seeing life, a way of understanding the world. They are different ways of livi ng out one's existence, independent spheres of life, situations which embody a certain stability. Living fully in the aesthetic sphere will never lead to the ethical one, and the upholding of ethics will never open the door to religion." He closes by pointing out that no one stage can completely dominate and individual's life and if one were to allows this to happen they would stay stagnant and not progress through the stages. Aesthetics The first stage of Kierkegaard's progression of existential stages is aesthetics recognized as the 'immersion in sensuous experience; valorization of possibility over actuality; egotism; fragmentation of the subject of experience; nihilistic wielding of irony and skepticism; and flight from boredom (Stanford, p1)." This stage of existence is a very selfish one that involves excessive self-indulgence. Kierkegaard refers to temptation and the appreciation and distraction of beauty a lot in this section.Ethics Ethics in Kierkegard's work has more than one meaning, "It is used to denote both: (i) a limited existential sphere, or stage, which is superseded by the higher stage of the religious life; and (ii) an aspect of life which is retained even within the religious life (Stanford, p1)." This is basically the stage where one starts to asses their life and view themselves objectively. It is recognized as the stage of reasoning this stage is 'limited' in that it is the stage that comes before the religious stage, but it is retained within the religious stage in that the traits used in the ethical stage must also be used to make the valuable choices in the religious stage. Ultimately the final obligation to transition from Ethics into the religious stage is to completely relinquish one's reliance on reason for one's trust in faith. Religion The final stage of existence that Kierkegaard recognizes is the stage of Religion, and specifically Christianity. Kierkegaard

Not sure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Not sure - Essay Example However, although rituals were important to Confucius, he had a very strict sense of duty. Confucius viewed rituals as one of the duties an individual must always do, and emphasized this particularly when he would be appointed by a duke or a king as an advisor. In analyzing the Confucian analects, Slingerland (67) states that â€Å"Confucius felt the rituals (even if they were being enacted by someone else), and remained profoundly affected by the emotions they evoked.† In the contemporary Chinese society, there were different powerful countries and tribes who wished to identify themselves distinctly from each other. Rituals thus became means to assert one’s identity and sometimes, they were very elaborate and strict. However, these elaborate and sometimes, magnificent rituals would be observed superficially. People might ignore the inner meaning and zest of the rituals they practiced. Confucius was not one among them. Likewise, he instructed his followers to practice the traditional rituals with not only extravagance but sincerity too. Therefore, in his lifetime, Confucius remained a source of inspiration and information for those who wished to follow the different contemporary rituals correctly and sincerely. Translating the Book Seventeen from the Analects of Confucius, Slingerland (209) notes that in one of the accounts from the Record of Rituals, Confucius used to give ritual instructions to guide his disciples and emphasize the antiquity of Chinese culture. There were different kinds of rituals in the Chinese society about which the researchers obtain considerable information from Confucius’s teachings. For example, there were certain funerary rituals. Some rituals were supposed to mark certain life events like reaching adulthood. Other rituals included strict methods for doing worship, making sacrifices, going to warfare, etc. However, Confucius did not pressurize his contemporaries to accept his doctrine of sincere and if necessary extravagant

Kate Chopin's short story The Storm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kate Chopin's short story The Storm - Essay Example Like Calixta, women had to suppress their sexual desires and conform to societal marriage norms. Chopin symbolically uses the storm to mean the meteorological condition of the atmosphere with strong winds and rain, thunder and lightning, and dusty wind. This parallels with a literary storm evident in passionate and intense emotion between two past lovers, who coincidentally, reunite during an intense meteological storm (131). For Calixta and Alcee, their reunion evidently brought sustenancial satisfaction evident in â€Å"The generous abundance of her passion†¦ found response in the depths of his sensuous nature that had never yet been reached.† (133) indicates that the two turned to each other to fulfill their sexual wants and needs. Both literary and emotionally, the story focus around the storm’s primary motif. Initially, Calixta is unaware of the upcoming storm and continues sewing despite the atmosphere growing darker and warmer (130). However, her journey to collect clothes outside bumps her to Alceem Secondly, the storm truly begins with â€Å"big rain drops†¦Ã¢â‚¬  falling at the same time Alcee rids into Calixta’s compound to shelter from the rain (131). Finding Calixta alone, Alcee keeps her company, but uncontrollably reminded of previous romance. Thirdly, the storm intensifies outside as sheets of water beating upon boards and the lightning striking a tree. Alcee and Calixta find themselves holding each other as she tries to avoid the crashing lightning (132). Like the storm, they yield to their desire for pleasure, and their overwhelming feelings made it possible to ignore the torrents outside, as if a wall isolated them from reality. This compared to the storm obscuring distance cabins and the distant wood. Fourthly, the storm subsides and passes, leaving soft rain drops. Calixta remains in Alcee’s arms both are happy for overcoming

Working conditions in Brooks Brothers Coursework

Working conditions in Brooks Brothers - Coursework Example Individual associates put our employees under a lot of pressure to make the required sales volumes during the period of economic recessions. An employee must make approximately 85% of all the net sales thus living no time for personal development. One has to work for a long number of hours with minimum overtime compensation. This is turning to be a problem because seem not to care about all the well being of the employees.  There is also no room for employees to develop professionally. Once employed in a creation sector of the business, either making the clothes or marketing or sales, a person is likely to stagnate in one position for a long time. Upper management does not offer the employees the required support. It is the dream of any employee in any work station to climb up the ladder in the job market. However, this seems not to be an issue in this organization. The amount of time given for breaks is very little. All we do is work and work the more. The healthcare provided is a lso limited. The employees are so busy such work is available even during holidays and all this work is done while one is standing up. Thus, it is very tiresome and the pay is just okay  Moreover, the management sometimes does not show up on time to open the retail stores. But when one is unable to make the required sales, then it proves to be a problem with the top management. Sometimes that required promotion from within is also very slow. One can be made to do something impromptu something that had not even been planned for.

Kate Chopin's short story The Storm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kate Chopin's short story The Storm - Essay Example Like Calixta, women had to suppress their sexual desires and conform to societal marriage norms. Chopin symbolically uses the storm to mean the meteorological condition of the atmosphere with strong winds and rain, thunder and lightning, and dusty wind. This parallels with a literary storm evident in passionate and intense emotion between two past lovers, who coincidentally, reunite during an intense meteological storm (131). For Calixta and Alcee, their reunion evidently brought sustenancial satisfaction evident in â€Å"The generous abundance of her passion†¦ found response in the depths of his sensuous nature that had never yet been reached.† (133) indicates that the two turned to each other to fulfill their sexual wants and needs. Both literary and emotionally, the story focus around the storm’s primary motif. Initially, Calixta is unaware of the upcoming storm and continues sewing despite the atmosphere growing darker and warmer (130). However, her journey to collect clothes outside bumps her to Alceem Secondly, the storm truly begins with â€Å"big rain drops†¦Ã¢â‚¬  falling at the same time Alcee rids into Calixta’s compound to shelter from the rain (131). Finding Calixta alone, Alcee keeps her company, but uncontrollably reminded of previous romance. Thirdly, the storm intensifies outside as sheets of water beating upon boards and the lightning striking a tree. Alcee and Calixta find themselves holding each other as she tries to avoid the crashing lightning (132). Like the storm, they yield to their desire for pleasure, and their overwhelming feelings made it possible to ignore the torrents outside, as if a wall isolated them from reality. This compared to the storm obscuring distance cabins and the distant wood. Fourthly, the storm subsides and passes, leaving soft rain drops. Calixta remains in Alcee’s arms both are happy for overcoming

The Importance of Branding in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Importance of Branding in Business - Essay Example Furthermore, the discussion between these five industries will analyze class, category, forms, and brands that exist within each; helping the reader to gain a further level of interpretive understanding that relates to the way in which these entities compete and exist within the current environment. Through an analysis of these metrics, the author will be able to provide the reader with a more in-depth analysis of the way in which previous scholarship has provided these markets with invaluable tools for understanding the importance that branding plays with respect to attracting customers defining consumer choice, substitutability, and competition that exists within each one of these. Though it might be understood that competition is guaranteed, the reality of the fact is that differing levels of competition create unique opportunities and help to define markets that would otherwise be incorrectly categorized. The first article that will be analyzed is entitled, â€Å"From Roots Culture To Sour Fruit: The Aesthetics Of Fashion Branding Cultures in Canada." As such, the research begins with discussing the impact of class and category of this particular industry is that of consumer goods relating to fashion. However, the article quickly delves into issues of measurement with respect to the extreme diversification that exists with respect to the forms and brands of actual industries that compete within this sector. The article further denotes that this extreme competition creates an extremely differentiated hierarchy of brands and allows for an extreme level of differentiation between these offerings to be exhibited to the end consumer. Price and quality further help to define what markets will be approached and what consumers will be courted. The core boundary that exists, and is defined by the research, is with regard to the strategic players in this market and how they react to price, pre stige, and quality.  

Analysis Of Change Initiative At Toyota Motor Corporation Management Essay

Analysis Of Change Initiative At Toyota Motor Corporation Management Essay Over the past several decades change management has become one of the mostly discussed topics across different industries on the market. The importance of change management has turn out to be a crucial task for managers and leaders of not only the big global corporations but also small and medium sized enterprises. Research suggests that the change management is fundamental issue that has to be considered especially when it comes to introducing and adjusting new strategies and policies that will influence the companys future perspectives and developments. It is essential part of the long-term competitive success formula (Pettigrew and Whipp, 1991). Although many research findings imply that change management can be defined in different ways depending on the industry and the company, there is a common ground on which the perceptions of the roles of the managers are build on. It is argued that people are the main drivers of change and innovation in the competitive environment of the business world. For this reason, human resources departments play a major role in choosing the right people for the right position and train and develop their employees to become goal and future oriented. Findings suggest that in order for a company to have a successful change management implementation, human resources managers have to be able to cope with both transformation and change within a single company (Urlich, 1997). According to Urlich (1997) transformation entails fundamental cultural change within a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦HR managers managing transformation become both cultural guardians and cultural catalysts. Since nowadays many companies operate on a global scale, the main issue in managing transformation is to lead the company through adaptation and acceptance of new culture without influencing the old beliefs and values. On the other hand change is usually related to introducing a certain degree of newness to the company, starting from employing new employees up to introducing new strategies and reshaping the overall corporate culture, mission, and vision of a company. More precisely change can be considered to be interrelated with transformation. It is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the ability of an organization to improve the design and implementation of initiatives and to reduce cycle time in all organizational activities (Urlich, 1997). In order for a change to be enacted and successfully accepted within a company, it is argued that change has to happen at three different levels 1) organizational, 2) team and 3) individual. When the new strategies and initiatives are accepted at all of the three levels, the implementation of change is successful (Hirtz, 2008). In order to have a successful change management implementation across the different levels of processes within a single company, research findings emphasize on the importance of having change agents. According to some historical data on human resources, the main drivers for change within a company were considered to be the human resource managers (Urlich, 1997). Being a global company inflicted with differences among the team members, individuals, and the overall organizational structure, the role of the change managers have changed over the years. It is claimed that nowadays the managers and the leaders at all levels within a single company are obliged to assert the need for change and its productive implementation. They are the key to successful understanding of cultural, social, political, and legal differences and the main drivers of motivation to the company as a whole (Hartley et al., 1997). In todays business world companies are striving to achieve a high level of change management implementation. In order to do so, an important factor that has to be taken into consideration is the time scale and planning. According to Caudwell (2004), a successful change management should be carefully planned and it should consist of an identified beginning and an ending that will provide desirable outcomes. However, research suggests that during the change implementation, managers often forget to go back and look at the results that they get at the very beginning of the process, which is the reason why many companies failed to transform and change according to their initial plans. For this reason, findings imply that the change management has to be perceived not as a one-time implementation project, but as an on-going, long-term and future oriented strategy (Caudwell, 2004). Lewins Force Field Analysis Model More than fifty years ago Kurt Lewin, using his experience in social psychology and human behavior, developed the widely known force field analysis model in order to explain how changes can happen within a single company. The force field analysis model, or also known as the 3-step model was primarily developed to help change managers identify the so called driving (or external) and restraining (or internal-individual and group behavior) forces that might influence the change within a single company (Burns, 2004a). In order for a successful and effective change to happen, Lewin proposed that there are three stages that every company and the individuals and groups being part of that environment should go through. Graphical depiction of the model is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Note: Table is taken from http://rapidbi.com/management/kurt-lewin-three-step-change-theory/ The first stage is the so-called unfreezing stage where the current situation should be carefully analyzed by producing disequilibrium between the driving and the restraining forces. By identifying the field- term referring to the current individual attitudes and beliefs within a group change agents are ready to move on, from the so-called status quo position, into the next stage called the move or change stage (Burnes, 2004a). At this point change managers are required to develop a plan that will initiate the urge for change among their employees. The change agents are expected to influence their employees and initiate acceptance and adaptation to the new processes, by strongly focusing on motivation and support. Finally, the third and the last stage is the so called refreezing stage where the role of the change managers is to successfully implement the change strategy (in terms of norms, practices, policies, and culture) and make sure that these newly accepted changes are not subj ect to deterioration (Burnes, 2004b) Even though Lewins model is one of the most widely used contributors to understanding the change management within a company, there are some critics that have been developed over the past fifty years. Research suggests that the implication of the model is useful in identifying the need, the type, and the resources needed to implement a certain degree of change within a company. It implies that the change occurs only at the times when the need for change is identified and that, once the individuals beliefs and attitudes are influenced and the social conflict is resolved, the change is accepted as a positive influence (Greener and Hughes, 2006). Findings propose that the model is based on simplistic assumptions that the companies operate as static and mechanistic environments and that the change would follow a clear pattern (Burnes, 2004a). Victor and Franckeiss (2002) suggest that in todays highly globalized and highly competitive business world, influenced by the differences in cultures, economies, and politics, change management is a phenomenon that occurs constantly and is planned, revised and updated on a regular basis. It is considered to be a must-do element of their day-to-day activities, and their future growth and expansion plans (Victor and Franckeiss, 2002). Analysis of change initiative at Toyota Toyota Motor Corporation is a multinational corporation with its headquarters located in Toyota city and Tokyo- Japan and it is the worlds leading automaker. Since its establishment in 1937, the company has successfully managed to expand globally entering the US market in 1957, Asia, Middle East, and China in 1962, and Europe and Africa in 1987. Today Toyota has its overseas bases in 27 countries and regions, as well as 52 production bases and 8 overseas offices. Toyota employs approximately 320,808 employees in their directly affiliated companies around the globe not counting the substantial number of indirectly employed dealers and suppliers. One of the main differentiation strategies of the company is that they managed to keep the same organizational culture and strategy throughout the years of their existence. The company has their own Guiding Principles at Toyota and the Five Main Principles of Toyoda that have been successfully implemented in every Toyota subsidiary, factory, a nd even among their dealers and suppliers. The main purpose of their principles is to keep their stakeholders motivated and prompt to change at any time (Toyota, 2010). More detailed information on the Toyota principles can be found in Figure 2. Figure 2 Guiding Principles at Toyota Honor the language and spirit of the law of every nation and undertake open and fair corporate activities to be a good corporate citizen of the world. Respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic and social development through corporate activities in the communities. Dedicate ourselves to providing clean and safe products and to enhancing the quality of life everywhere through all our activities. Create and develop advanced technologies and provide outstanding products and services that fulfill the needs of customers worldwide. Foster a corporate culture that enhances individual creativity and teamwork value, while honoring mutual trust and respect between labor and management. Pursue growth in harmony with the global community through innovative management. Work with business partners in research and creation to achieve stable, long-term growth and mutual benefits, while keeping ourselves open to new partnerships. Five Main Principles of Toyoda Always be faithful to your duties, thereby contributing to the Company and to the overall good. Always be studious and creative, striving to stay ahead of the times Always be practical and avoid frivolousness. Always strive to build a homelike atmosphere at work that is warm and friendly. Always have respect for God, and remember to be grateful at all times. Note: Table is taken from the official web page of Toyota Motor Corporation. Since the birth of Toyota, the companys philosophy has been based on successfully contributing to the society, meaning identifying the local cultural and social differences and creating products that will satisfy the needs and wants of the local customers all around the world. Throughout the years the company has managed to keep up with its corporate principle of delivering glocal products by creating a business model that is mainly a mixture of localization for their global markets (Toyota, 2010). Although keeping their unique corporate culture and values, and implementing the same business strategies and principles of doing business all around the globe, they have managed to differentiate and bring innovativeness to the international markets. The key behind this success is in the regiocentric management orientation. The company has effectively managed to spot the differences and similarities in the home and host countries and develop local view that allowed them to bring changes into their company, starting with the development of few global names of their products with localization content, and developing special training and support programs that will sustain the cultural differences and will allow their new employees to merge with the company much easier (Toyota, 2010). Toyota is one of the worlds widely known companies not only because of their successful business plan that has been implemented at home and overseas, but also because of their revolutionary change that made their management strategy stay the same over the years. By developing the Toyota Production System or TPS which is the method of managing people engaged in work that emphasizes frequent rapid problem solving and work redesign, the company has set the global model for successful performance and productivity (Thompson et al, 2003). The model was originally developed in the 1970s and it was mainly used to facilitate production and improve the speed. Over the last several decades the model was widely accepted by many companies operating in different industries. The reason behind the adoption of the model lies in the efforts of Toyota to bring constant change through experimenting and applying new concepts to the already existing processes (Spear, 2004). But what is the main drive behind successfully applying the TPS strategy? According to Parks (2002) Toyota has been the only company that has managed to apply the process without facing major failures. He claims that for introducing such innovative approach, the whole organizational culture and management should undergo the necessary changes. At Toyota the changes always start with their stakeholders. All the ideas and possible solutions to the existing problems are generated from their employees from all over the world. The solutions are discussed and are implemented as part of their experimental processes after which the final assessment is done. After the decision is made, extensive cross-functional training programs are inducted in order to have productive multifunctional workers who will understand the processes and the implementation of the new strategies. In order to get the desired results, strong change management is needed that will provide guidance and will result in disci plined and effective implementation of the change strategies (Parks, 2002). Having a strong management that promotes open and fair corporate activities involving all of the companys employees, introducing diversity programs that support the different cultural backgrounds, and following a clear set of rules (The Code of Conduct) enacted by extensive on-site training activities, is the key factor for success of Toyotas change management processes and strategies (Toyota, 2010). Conclusion Although the importance of having an effective change management has been introduced more than five decades ago, it seems that in todays business world its significance and implementation has a greater influence and application among the companies operating in different industries. Globalization and internationalization had significantly influenced the companies to embrace the change management strategies. Operating on different markets around the world requires compliance with the local cultures, economies, and politics which are the main factors for success of an international company. The main issue is to manage to create synergies between the home business strategy and corporate culture and the host- local cultures and procedures. Although it might seem like a logical transformation that has to be done, without implementing strong change management policies that will be based on the differences and similarities of the markets and the people, administering change can turn out to b e one of the most difficult processes. Following the example of Toyota, in order to have efficient change management teams and change strategies that would be accepted within a company, managers should stress out the importance of all of their employees. By becoming part of the problem solving and decision making processes, managers would get the opportunity to understand the cultural backgrounds of their employees and eliminate the factors that might influence their behavior. On the other hand the employees would feel involved and motivated and the implementation of the possible changes would result in positive outcomes. This is the reason why over the years Toyota has managed to keep the same organizational culture and strategy, yet always being able to bring innovativeness and set benchmark for other companies on the market to follow.

Edgar Allen Poes The Cask Of Amontillado :: essays research papers

Stephen Ryan The Cask of Amontillado In "The Cask of Amontillado" Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a trip into the mind of a mad man. The story relates a horrible revenge made even more horrible by the fact that the vengeance is being taken when no real offense had been given. This concept sets the mood for true evil. The plot of the story is simple. Montresor takes revenge on his friend Fortunato by luring him into the wine cellar under the family estate. There he leads Fortunato into the depths of the catacombs where he buries him alive by walling him into a recess in the wall. This story is told in first person, from the point of view of Montresor. The exposition of the story occurs when Montresor tells us that he wants to take revenge on Fortunato because "he ventured upon insult." What this insult was we do not know. We do know that he intends to go unpunished for this act of reprisal. Montresor then informs us that he is going to continue to smile in Fortunatoâ⠂¬â„¢s face, while using Fortunato’s pride in his knowledge wine to lure him into the catacombs to taste some of his imaginary amontillado. At this point, the reader knows the conflict will be one of man versus man. It is an external struggle because Fortunato and Montresor are in a life and death fight. However, the conflict is largely internal, because Montresor has a fierce hatred that Fortunato is unaware of. The climax of the story is when Montresor chains Fortunato to the wall and begins to layer the bricks. It is the high point of emotional involvement. It is at this point that the reader may ask themselves if this is really about to happen. The conclusion lets us know that Montresor was never punished for this crime. Fifty years has passed and he is an old man telling the story on his deathbed. The true horror is that Fortunato died a terrible death, utterly alone, and his killer was never brought to justice. The theme in the story is perhaps the least important featu re. After all, it is about a senseless crime. Maybe the idea behind the story is that no one can find refuge from a deranged mind, or that terrible crimes can be committed when an imaginary offense can fester into reality.

Jean-Paul Sartre Essay -- Biography Biographies Philosophers Essays

Jean-Paul Sartre Jean-Paul Sartre was an existentialist philosopher. The questions of his philosophy often come out in his readings. Existentialism questions why we exist. Existentialists deny the existence of God. Existentialist writers such as Kafka and Sartre often use prisons and solitary confinement to tell their stories. Often, neither the reader nor the protagonist is aware of what crime has been committed. Jean-Paul Sartre’s â€Å"The Wall† reflects his philosophy and personal experiences. He worked for the French resistance and was imprisoned by the Germans during WWII. The story takes place during the Spanish Civil War in an old hospital being used by the Spanish Fascist’s to house prisoners. â€Å"The Wall† is told from a first person, stream of consciousness point-of-view, and uses existentialist philosophy, to illuminate the follies of totalitarian governments like Fascism, and Nazism. Like most existentialist writers, Sartre chooses to tell the story of â€Å"The Wall† form the first person stream-of-consciousness point-of-view. We get dialogue from other characters, but the dialogue is filtered through the mind and thoughts of Pablo. The terror in the story slowly unfolds from Pablo’s mind. In the beginning, Sartre only gives us a hint of terror. The reality of the situation has not yet set into Pablo’s mind: They pushed us into a big white room and I began to blink because the light hurt my eyes. Then I saw a table and four men behind the table, civilians, looking over the papers. They had bunched another group of prisoners in the back and we had to cross the whole room to join them. There were several I knew and some others who must have been foreigners. The two in front of me were blond with round skulls; they looked alike. I supposed they were French. The smaller one kept hitching up his pants; nerves. (7) The emphasis on the â€Å"round skull† foreshadows a scene that later brings terror into greater effect. Tom tells Pablo while they are waiting to be executed, that they aim for the eyes and head to disfigure your face. The emphasis on the perfect round skulls in the first paragraph draws attention to faces and heads. â€Å"The smaller one hitching up his nerves,† tell us from the beginning that Pablo should be nervous himself. Pablo knows he is in trouble at the beginning. He just does not realize the amount yet. ... ...out truth or a person’s innocence. Juan is guilty of know crime and is put to death. Garcia who Pablo meets in the courtyard after he gives his false testimony, â€Å"had nothing to do with politics† (36). When asked why he was arrested, Garica responds â€Å"They arrest everybody who doesn’t think the way they do†(36). The Nazi’s and the Fascist’s used mental torture and the threat of terror to get people to question their own existence, their own sanity. They do not think, they just take orders and obey. Therefore, it is perfectly ironic that Pablo sends them to a place devoid of reason or thought. The further irony is that Gris is hiding in the graveyard in the gravediggers’ shack and is killed in a gunfight. Pablo says after learning of Gris’s death, â€Å"everything began to spin and I found myself siting on the ground: I laughed so hard I cried† (37). Pablo laughs until he cries because he realizes he never will understand why one man dies and another lives. In spite of all his thinking and mental anguish over the question, every answer he discovers leads back to Descartes; the only part of his existence he can not question is the one truth, â€Å"I think, therefore I am."

African Americans jazz Essay

Many believe that jazz is a music that African Americans played together with the Creole musicians during the 19th century in New Orleans, Louisiana in United States that bind the race together, black and white Americans. This is also considered as the ancient and most distinguished musical genres in North America and known as â€Å"America’s classical music. † Based from the quote of Gerald Early, a lecturer and a writer of African – American studies, he emphasizes that America will be known from three things: in the Constitution, sports (baseball), and in jazz music, since these are the most captivating things that they developed. Jazz is a type of lyricism that reflects on the Great American promise and expresses hope for freedom in slavery. It is also illustrated by the exceptional attribute of collective improvisation and should be performed with the right feelings about it. According to Louis Armstrong if you will ask, you’ll never know. He discovers the secret behind the jazz music, that’s why he became known as one of the successful musicians and leading stars in the whole world. The early jazz musicians create a great impact to the life of many as they change their point of view towards music. Although, jazz music is originated from the black, who are considered outsider but living in America, wherein they use this as a passage to be accepted in the society, still America truly owns this music. I prove it accurate because the New Orleans jazz musicians improve, develop, and patronize this music until the whole world has known it. One more thing, jazz has a big role to the history of America. This music becomes the expression of freedom because way back in 1970, it played a major role in the life of African American culture. Their longing for freedom is emphasized as they sing. I also believe that jazz eliminates the discrimination between the white and black people, that’s why I strongly agree that jazz belongs to America because the whole history of this country is the song itself. The history of jazz is deeply rooted in America and until now the musical tradition lives here. Works Cited The Importance of Jazz in American Culture | Jazz & More† http://jazz. learnhub. com/lesson/6809-the-importance-of-jazz-in-american-culture#ixzz0ESyZePQV&A The Importance of Jazz in American Culture http://jazz. learnhub. com/lesson/6809-the-importance-of-jazz-in-american- culture#ixzz0ET3vi6Uc&A A History of Jazz http://www. historyjazz. com/ The History of Jazz Music http://meltingpot. fortunecity. com/zaire/721/introframe. htm Jazz Music http://www. smallsjazz. com/

Duality in “The Odyssey” Essay

Odysseus exhibits a certain duality in his nature that defines his persona and controls his actions. In Book Nine of The Odyssey, both oppositional sides of Odysseus are poignantly illustrated: the tactful, crafty leader who uses reason, and the rash warrior in search of home and glory who acts impulsively. From the opening scene, Odysseus uses his cunning and charm to win the respect and honor of the Phaeacians and their king, Alcinous. This is shown when he states, What a fine thing this is, to listen to such a bard/as we have here—the man sings like a god./The crown of life, Id say† Clearly, Odysseus is trying to flatter and win the favor of his hosts in order to secure their help for passage to his beloved Ithaca. In order to impress them further, Odysseus declares that he is â€Å"known to the world/for every kind of craft—my fame has reached the skies† (21-22). Odysseus creates an image of being an incredibly strong leader. However, for a man of great ingenuity, Odysseus makes several imprudent mistakes. Among the gravest of his faults is acting without caution. Upon sighting the land of the Cyclops, Odysseus feels a sense of foreboding in the upcoming events. He states that he knew that hed â€Å"soon come up against/some giant clad in power like armor-plate—/a savage deaf to justice, blind to law† (238-240). Although he gets this feeling, he acts without reason. However, he irrationally leads his men into the cave of the Cyclops anyway. As a result, Odysseus led some of his men to a horrendous death. Long after the Cyclops is utterly defeated, Odysseus taunts Polyphemus. Odysseus allows his haughtiness to surpass his wisdom and ridicules the blinded giant; thereby, jeopardizing the lives of his entire crew when the Cyclops hurls a boulder at his boat. Odysseus could not stop there; he had to take the credit for Polyphemus defeat and shouts his true identity, contrary to his mens pleadings. He had previously instigated the monster, who in turn, could now seek revenge upon him. These instances depict how Odysseus’ rash behavior overtakes his wiliness. Bibliography: The Odyssey by Homer

Development and Social Change Essay

DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL CHANGE STRATEGIES IN KENYA IN THE 21ST CENTURY DEFINATIONS Strategy is a high level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty. Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited. Strategy is also about attaining and maintaining a position of advantage over adversaries through the successive exploitation of known or emergent possibilities rather than committing to any specific fixed plan designed at the outset. Henry Mintzberg from McGill University defined strategy as â€Å"a pattern in a stream of decisions† to contrast with a view of strategy as planning while Max McKeown (2011) argues that â€Å"strategy is about shaping the future† and is the human attempt to get to â€Å"desirable ends with available means†. Development means a progression from a simpler or lower to a more advanced, mature, or complex form or stage. It is also defined as the gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive changes. Development is a process, not a leve l. It is a path to achieve certain goals. see more:factors affecting social change INTRODUCTION In the 21st century Kenyans have come up with different strategies to advocate for development and social change. These strategies are mostly based on economic issue, political issue, and social issues those which are affecting the development and growth of our country. These strategies are aiming at transforming Kenya into a newly industrialized middle income country providing a high quality life to all its citizens. For these development to be achieved thre have to be an all inclusive and participartory stakeholders and a consultive process involving Kenyan from all parts of the country. Kenyans are also willing to from suggestions by some of the leading local and international experts on the newly industrialized countries around the world have made the leap from poverty to widely spread prosperity and equity. Every strategy has been developed to address issues lying across them e.g. economic strategy aims to improve the prosperity of all Kenyans through an economic development programme covering all the regions in Kenya. Social  strategy seeks to build a just and cohesive society with social equity in clean and secure environment. Political strategy aims to realize a democratic political system founded on issue based politics that respect the rule of law and protect the rights and freedom of every individual. Kenyans in the 21st century are advocating for a consultive approach in its development involving as many ordinary Kenyans and stakeholders as possible i.e. public service, private sector, civil society, media and non government organization. The importance of consultations is to provide in-depth understanding of countries development problems and necessary strategies to achieve development. Detailed analysis is carried under the consultative approach in order to come up with the s trategies capable of resolving the social and political problems that face Kenyans today. Findings  In every category of the strategy Kenyans have come up with ways to address the problem found in that particular category. The Social Strategy  Kenya’s journey towards prosperity also involves the building of a just and cohesive society, enjoying equitable social development in a clean and secure environment. This quest is the basis of transformation of the problems found in the category of social strategy, I .e. Education and Training; Health; Water and Sanitation; the Environment; Housing and Urbanization; as well as in Gender, Youth, Sports and Culture; and also in terms of promoting equity and poverty reduction across the entire Kenyan society. It also makes special provisions for Kenyans with various disabilities and previously marginalized communities. Education and Training Under education and training Kenya will provide a globally competitive quality education, training and research for development. The overall goal for 21st century is to reduce illiteracy by increasing access to education, improving the transition rate from primary to secondary schools, and raising the quality and relevance of education. The Health Sector To improve the overall livelihoods of Kenyans, the country aims to provide an efficient and high quality health care system with the best standards. This will reduce health inequalities and improve key areas where Kenya is lagging, especially in lowering infant and maternal mortality. Specific  strategies will involve: provision of a robust health infrastructure network; improving the quality of health service delivery to the highest standards and promotion of partnerships with the private sector. Water and Sanitation Kenya is a water scarce country. The country therefore aims to conserve water sources and start new ways of harvesting and using rain and underground water. The 21st century has a vision for Water and Sanitation is to ensure that improved water and sanitation are available and accessible to all. The goal to increase both access to safe water and sanitation in both rural and urban areas beyond present levels The Environment Kenya aims to be a nation living in a clean, secure and sustainable environment. Specific strategies will involve: promoting environmental conservation for better support to the economic pillar, improving pollution and waste management through the design and application of economic incentives; and the commissioning of public-private partnerships for improved efficiency in water and sanitation delivery. Housing and Urbanization The 2030 vision for housing and urbanization is an adequately and decently housed nation in sustainable all inclusive environment. The goal for 2012 is to increase the annual production of housing units from the current 35,000 annually to over 200,000. Kenya’s cities and towns are poorly planned. There is an acute need therefore for an effective capacity for regional and urban development planning. In addition, there will be better development of and access to affordable and adequate housing; enhanced access to adequate finance for developers and buyers, and pursue targeted key reforms to unlock the potential of the housing sector. 6. Gender, Youth and Vulnerable Groups The 2030 vision for gender, youth and vulnerable groups is gender equity, improved livelihoods for vulnerable groups, and a responsible, globally competitive and prosperous youth. The goal for 2012 is to increase opportunities all-round among women, youth and all disadvantaged groups. 7. Equity and Poverty Elimination The 2030 goal for Equity and poverty elimination is to reduce the number of people living in poverty to a tiny proportion of the total population. Kenya will aim at a society that guarantees equality of opportunity in accessing public services and providing income generating activities as widely as possible. That will be achieved by placing the citizens at a level of income sufficient to cater for basic requirements of a healthy, productive life. 8. Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Vision 2030 will be based on the creation of international competitiveness through more efficient productivity at the firm and household level, with government support. However, all the strategies and flagship projects will exploit knowledge in science, technology and innovation (STI) in order to function more efficiently, improve social welfare, and also promote democratic governance. STI can and will be applied in all the lead sectors. The education and training curricula in the country will, therefore, be modified to ensure that the creation, adoption, adaptation and usage of knowledge become part of formal instruction. Economic strategy The Kenyan economy, East Africa’s largest, has experienced considerable growth in the past few years, driven by several key factors. The country enjoys some particular advantages: a reasonably well-educated labour force, a vital port that serves as an entry point for goods destined for countries in the East African and Central Africa interior, abundant wildlife and kilometers of attractive coastline and above all, a government that is committed to implementing business reforms. This strategy seeks to improve the prosperity of all regions of the country and all Kenyans by achieving a 10% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate by 2012(vision 2030). To achieve this target, Kenya is continuing with the tradition of macro-economic stability that has been established since 2002. It is also addressing other key constraints, notably, a low savings to GDP ratio, which can be alleviated by drawing in more remittances from Kenyans abroad, as well as increased foreign investment and overseas development assistance The country is continuing with the governance and institutional reforms  necessary to accelerate economic growth. Others critical problems being addressed include poor infrastructure and high energy costs. The five key sectors described below are being given priority as the key growth drivers for achievement of the economic vision: * Tourism * Increasing value in agriculture * A better and more inclusive wholesale and retail trade sector * Manufacturing for the regional market * Financial services Tourism This sector aims to be one of the top ten long- haul tourist destination in the world. To achieve this it has put ahead some strategies as their guideline that is offering a high end, diverse and distinctive visitor experience, achieving high tourist revenue by improving facilities in all underutilized parks, creating new high value niche product and investing in new conference facilities to boost business tourism Agriculture This aims to promote an innovative, commercially- oriented and modern agricultural sector. This will be accomplished through transforming key institution in agricultural and livestock to promote agricultural growth, increasing productivity of crop and livestock, introducing more irrigable areas in arid and semi- arid areas for both crops and livestock. It also aim sat adding value to our firm and live stock products before they reach local and international market (vision 2030) Whole sale and retail market Aims to raise earnings by giving our large informal sector opportunities to transform itself into a part of a formal sector that is efficient, multi tiered, diversified in product range and innovative. This will be raised through training and credit, improving efficiency by reducing the number of players between the producer and the consumer (vision 2030) Manufacturing It aims to have a robust, diversified and competitive manufacturing sector. This will be achieved through the implementation of the following restricting key local industries that use raw materials but are currently  uncompetitive, exploiting opportunities in value addition to agricultural product. The Political Pillar This aims to realize a democratic political system founded on issue-based politics that respects the rule of law, and protects the rights and freedoms of every individual in Kenyan society. It hopes to transform Kenya into a state in which equality is entrenched, irrespective of one’s race, ethnicity, religion, gender or socio-economic status; a nation that respects and harnesses the diversity of its peoples’ values, traditions and aspirations for the benefit of all its citizens. The political pillar vision for 2030 is â€Å"a democratic political system that is issue-based, people-centered, result-oriented and accountable to the public.† An issue-based system is one in which political differences are about means to meet the widest public interest. â€Å"People-centered† goals refer to the system’s responsiveness to the needs and rights of citizens, whose participation in all public policies and resource allocation processes is both fully appreciated and facilitated. A result-oriented system is stable, predictable and whose performance is based on measurable outcomes. An accountable system is one that is open and transparent and one that permits free flow of information. This vision is expected to guarantee Kenya’s attainment of the specific goals outlined under Vision 2030’s economic and social pillars To meet objectives outlined in the economic and social pillars, Kenya’s national governance system is being transformed and reformed to acquire high-level executive capability consistent with a rapidly industrializing country. The country is adopting a democratic decentralization process with substantial devolution in policy-making, public resource management and revenue sharing through devolve d funds. This has been achieved through a delivery of a new constitutional dispensation which came in effect in August 2010. Transformation within Kenya’s political governance system under Vision 2030 is expected to take place across six strategic initiatives, whose overarching visions, goals and specific strategies for 2012 are as follows: * Rule of law * Electoral and political processes * Democracy and public service delivery * Transparency and accountability * Security, peace building, and conflict management Rule of law Under the rule of law the vision 2030 is adherence to the rule of law is as applicable to a modern market based economy in a human right respecting state. A lighting the national policy and legal framework with the need of a market based economy, national human right and gender equality commitment. Increasing access and quality of service available to the public and reducing barriers of justice. Democracy and public service delivery People centered and political engaged open society, pursuing, constitutional and legal reforms necessary to dissolve to more resources and responsibility to local governance institution. Encouraging formal and informal civil education and action programmes, promoting open engagement between government and civil society as well as the free flow of information. Transparency and accountability Transparent, accountability, ethical and result oriented government institution strengthening the legal framework for ant- corruption, ethics and integrity. Promoting result based management within the public service, introducing civilian oversight around key legal justice and security, strengthening government legislative oversight capacity. Security Security of all persons and property throughout the republic, Promoting public- private cooperation and community involvement for improved safety and security, Deeping policy legal and institutional reforms for improved enforcement of law and order, Promoting national and international dialogue in order to build harmony among ethnic, racial and other groups. Electoral and political process Seeks to cultivate genuinely competitive and issue based politics introducing rules and regulations covering political policies, enhancing the legal and regulatory framework covering electrical process, conducting civil education programmers to widen knowledge and participation among citizens leading to an informed active citizens. Conclusion For development and social change to occur Kenyans in the 21st century Kenyans should evaluate the pre and post development and analyze the strategies they want to put across and see whether they will be of any impact or they will be able to serve them effectively. There should be an integration of all strategies for sustainable development to occur. That is they should put value both in economic, social and political strategies. Commitment is expected for both the government and civil society, international, local and personal positive relationships are also major contributors to sustainable development in the 21st century. Mission, vision, goals and objectives should be successfully laid, well defined and achievable. References Vision 2030 document The national broad strategy Vision 2030 flagship project